The type of investment you hold can have a big impact on your tax bill — and taxes can have an even bigger impact on total return.
What are some key considerations when looking at mutual funds, Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) and Separately Managed Accounts (SMAs) for your portfolio? Because what you own can be just as important as how you own it.
Mutual Funds vs. ETFs vs. SMAs
Although there are benefits to each investment vehicle, there are some distinct differences between mutual funds, ETFs and SMAs. Here are some important distinctions.
Mutual Fund | ETFs | SMAs | |
---|---|---|---|
Customization Can you make it your own? |
No | No | Yes – exclusions and adjustments allowed. Can customize to individual investor preferences. |
Funding Where can the money come from? |
Cash | Cash | Cash or in-kind |
Pricing How often are the holdings valued? |
Daily, at end of day | Constant | Daily or monthly |
Liquidity When can I sell my investment? |
Daily, at end of day | Instant – trades on an exchange | |
Tax Treatment How are taxes treated for investors? |
Limited Tax Efficiency Trading to rebalance or to meet redemptions may cause capital gains for investors; gains may be paid once per year |
Tax Efficient Structure enables mitigation of capital gain realization caused by trading, rebalancing and redemptions |
Tax Managed Investors own individual securities and can use techniques such as tax-loss harvesting to minimize capital gains |
Accounts to Consider Where should you hold this investment? |
Tax-deferred and tax-exempt accounts | Tax-deferred, tax-exempt or taxable accounts | Taxable accounts |